Much contemporary debate on ethical issues in the field of neuroscience, psychology and philosophy is synthesized in this book. The introductory chapters of the volume present methodological premises concerning the possibility and relevance of a positive interaction between neuroscience and philosophy. The rest of the work attempts to reach clarity on foundational ethical questions such as free will and mental causality, human drives, empathy and altruism, moral judgments and choices, neuropsychical enhancement, and ethical development in children. All these topics are treated in an interdisciplinary manner, in an effort to compare phenomenological and philosophical intuitions with neurobiological findings and psychological research. These pages are the result of scholarship and a lively interplay between the authors in several workshops held in Rome in the context of the STOQ Project. This book will be helpful for deep motivation and insight both for novices and experts in the problems discussed. It is a contribution to the dialogue between science, philosophy and religion. (Publisher)